Is it explicit (e.g., a machine) or emergent (e.g., ecosystems, societies)?
- A system may have multiple or conflicting goals.
To change a system's function, you need to alter the structure and processes (both go hand in hand)
Systems functions are accomplished through the structure and processes (form)
A good system has a good structure and process
The system produce what it promotes
Bottom-up and top-down both serve a function